Immunology

Newer more detailed version: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U1FyrtDZ3aE http://www.facebook.com/ArmandoHasudungan Image: https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B8Ss3-wJfHrpakR1QVpOMmJ4Y00  

Describes the different receptors for the MHC molecules and also the structure of these molecules/receptors.  

Describes Briefly what PAMP is and introduces PRR and its roles in the immune response PDF: https://docs.google.com/open?id=0B8Ss3-wJfHrpTFlfMFFUamdDanc  

Describes the Inflammatory Response of the Innate Immune System.  

The basics of Immunology.  

Describes how Major Histocompatibility Complexes Class I and II presents itself on cell surfaces with Antigens.  

Describes the process how the immune cells move from the blood vessels to the surrounding tissues.  

Describes the different types of toll receptors and how they work as a Pathogen Recognition Receptor.  

Introduces the NOD-like Receptor a type of intracellular Pathogen Recognition Receptor.  

New Lecture: Immune System: Self/Non-self Recognition • Living: Conservation of several processes. Determines mechanisms from organisms ◦ Autopoieses or the dy…  

 

 

Eczema (aka Dermatitis) presents as a poorly demarcated, itchy rash. There are several causes. By far the most common is atopic eczema, but irritants and venous stasis can also cause the condition.   Atopic Eczema This results from an IgE-mediated, T-cell auto-immune response.   Epidemiology and Aetiology  

This is a vasculitis that most commonly occurs in children. It tends to only affect the small vessels, and typically presents with: Palpable purpura – red/purple discolorations in the skin, often on the extensor surfaces of the feet, legs, arms, or sometimes on the buttocks. The rash may initially resemble urtricaria, but later becomes palpable. GI disturbance – may include colicky abdominal pain, abdominal tenderness, melena – occurs in 50% of patients  

Histamine H1-receptor antagonists These are not used in the management of respiratory conditions. They are mostly effective against mast cell activated inflammatory reactions. In asthma, mast cells are involved in the early stages of the reaction, but their role is not great enough to respond to therapeutic modification. These drugs are useful in patients with very mild atopic asthma, such as in cases of hay fever.  

Cromones – e.g.Sodium cromoglicate, nedocromil sodium This is often described as a mast cell stabilizer. It prevents the release of inflammatory mediators (such as histamine) from mast cells.  

Inhaled corticosteroids  These are used for their anti-inflammatory effects in asthma. They are very effective in asthma, but are of limited use in COPD.   Mechanism If you want lots of info on steroids, see the Cushing’s disease notes. In relation to asthma:  

 

  Allergy – Inappropriate immune response to normally harmless allergen. Allergen – Foreign particles which produce an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction in sensitive individuals.